Emerging Trends in Catalyst Materials and Deactivation Mitigation

Catalysts are integral to modern chemical processes, expediting reactions and improving efficiency. However, they are prone to deactivation, which can considerably diminish their performance and require frequent replacement. Catalyst deactivation is a significant challenge in industrial processes, primarily driven by poisoning, sintering, and aging factors. Chemical poisoning occurs when contaminants in the feedstock or reaction environment bind to the catalyst's active sites, rendering them inactive. At the same time, carbon deposition can block these sites and diminish catalytic activity. Thermal sintering, caused by high temperatures, leads to the growth of catalyst particles, reducing their surface area and effectiveness. Mechanical sintering, conversely, results from the attrition of catalyst particles during the reaction process. Additionally, catalysts naturally degrade over time due to exposure to environmental factors like moisture, oxidation, and mechanical stress.

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Catalysts are integral to modern chemical processes, expediting reactions and improving efficiency. However, they are prone to deactivation, which can...

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